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Montrose is a primarily residential neighborhood located in Houston, Texas, United States.〔(Map of Neartown ). ''Neartown Association''. Retrieved October 20, 2008.〕〔(Map of Montrose ). ''Houston Chronicle''. Retrieved October 20, 2008.〕 Established in 1911, the neighborhood is a demographically diverse area with renovated mansions, bungalows with wide porches, and cottages located along tree-lined boulevards. Montrose is a major cultural hub. Montrose has been called the "Heart of Houston,"〔Dreyer, Thorne. ("The Mad Mix: Montrose, The Heart of Houston," ) ''CITE: The Architecture and Design Magazine of Houston'', Summer 2010.〕 the "strangest neighborhood east of the Pecos,"〔Dreyer, Thorne and Al Reinert, ("Montrose Lives!" ) ((Archive )), ''Texas Monthly'', April 1973〕 and was named one of the "ten great neighborhoods in America" in 2009.〔American Planning Association, ("Great Places in America" ), 2009〕 ==History== Montrose was originally envisioned as a planned community and streetcar suburb dating back to the early 20th century before the development of River Oaks. Developer J. W. Link and his Houston Land Corporation envisioned a "great residential addition" according to the neighborhood's original sales brochure. Link's planning details for the area included four wide boulevards with the best curbing and extensive landscaping. Link built his own home in Montrose, known as the Link-Lee Mansion, which is now part of the University of St. Thomas campus. A streetcar, the Montrose Line, ran through the neighborhood. Link wrote: "Houston has to grow. Montrose is going to lead the procession." It did, and the procession eventually continued far beyond the neighborhood.〔 Montrose was first platted in 1911.〔"(About the Neartown Association )." ''Neartown Association''. September 29, 2007.〕 In 1926, the Plaza Apartment Hotel, Houston’s first apartment hotel, opened on Montrose Boulevard. The hotel was home to many of Houston’s leaders, including Dr. Edgar Odell Lovett, the first president of Rice University. Modeled after the Ritz-Carlton in New York, the hotel cost over one million dollars to construct. During the 1960s and 1970s, Montrose became a center for the burgeoning counterculture movement, with street musicians, alternative community centers and hippie communes, head shops and artisans’ studios proliferating. The corner of Montrose and Westheimer was the site of regular demonstrations against the Vietnam War. Street vendors sold Space City! and other underground newspapers throughout the area.〔Counterculture issue, (Cite 82 ) Summer 2010.〕 KPFT – the fourth station in the progressive Pacifica Radio network of listener-sponsored stations – began broadcasting in 1970, and was joined on Lovett Blvd. by KLOL and KILT (Radio Montrose), pioneers in the underground FM format, creating a Montrose countercultural “radio row.” KPFT’s transmitter was twice bombed by a local Ku Klux Klan group, making it the only radio station in the history of the United States to be blown off the air.〔Shey, Brittany, ("The Day the KKK Bombed Pacifica," ) Houston Press, May 12, 2010.〕 The Bohemian flavor of the Montrose would spawn both the Westheimer Colony Art Festival in 1971 and the subsequent street fair in 1973, which would become known as the Westheimer Street Festival. Also starting around the 1970s the area became known as the center for the gay and lesbian community of Houston. The area sported an estimated 30-40 gay bars at the time, including the Bayou Landing, thought to be the largest gay dance hall between the coasts, and several gay activist groups, including the Gay Liberation Front.〔 Folk music clubs like Anderson Fair and Sand Mountain catered to the folk scene in the neighborhood and other venues featured psychedelic rock and blues. Later, punk and new wave clubs like The Paradise Rock Island, the Omni, and Numbers opened in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Montrose has been "a haven for Prohibition honkey-tonks, antique stores, wealthy socialites, motorcycle gangs, gays, harmless eccentrics and a broad array of exiles, writers, artists and musicians."〔Dreyer, Thorne and Al Reinert. "Montrose Lives!" ''Texas Monthly''. April 1973. ISSN 0148-7736. Page 56. Retrieved from ''Google Books'' on April 2, 2010.〕 It has been called "a uniquely Houston kind of Bohemia, a mad mix made possible by the city's no-holds-barred, ''laissez faire'' form of growth." 〔 In 1991 Paul Broussard was murdered in the Montrose nightclub area. University of Houston professor Maria Gonzalez stated that "With this murder()people said, 'Enough is enough.'()A whole new relationship developed between the gay community and the police department."〔Turner, Allan. "(Documentary film reconsiders Montrose gay killing )." ''Houston Chronicle''. April 19, 2015. Retrieved on November 12, 2015.〕 Since the 1990s, Montrose has become increasingly gentrified with a trend towards remodeled and new homes, higher rents, upmarket boutiques and restaurants. On June 6, 2006,〔Rogers, Brian. "(3 years after gang killing, teen wants to 'move on' )" ((Archive )). ''Houston Chronicle''. Thursday September 17, 2009.〕 a teenage MS-13 gang member named Gabriel Granillo was stabbed to death at Ervan Chew Park in the Montrose area. Skip Hollandsworth of ''Texas Monthly'' stated that the fact that the stabbing took place in the central city, and the fact that Ashley Benton was an Anglo White American involved in gangs shocked Houstonians.〔Hollandsworth, Skip. "(Girl, Interrupted )" ((Archive )). ''Texas Monthly''. May 2008. (See article at ) Highbeam Business.〕 John Cannon, a spokesperson for the Houston Police Department (HPD), described the Ervan Chew area as "relatively low-crime" and that his patrols "were surprised" by the incident.〔Gustin, Marene. "(Is Ervan Chew Park safe? )" ((Archive )). ''River Oaks Examiner''. Thursday June 15, 2006. Retrieved on November 11, 2015.〕 Sue Lovell, a member of the Houston City Council who represented the area, described it as "an isolated incident".〔 The 2011 novel ''The Knife and the Butterfly'' is based upon this stabbing.〔Pérez, Ashley Hope. ''The Knife and the Butterfly''. Lerner Publishing Group, August 1, 2014. ISBN 1467716243, 9781467716246. p. (205 ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Montrose, Houston」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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